Filch
In this article, your writer has evaluated the offered and new coal volley thermal power plants in Soma cavern coal reserves, tried to release the effective evils, and advised the major use of new coal volley technologies for helpful exercise in the new thermal power plant investments. Key words: Coal / IGCC / CFB / Argument
Gather Cause to move Familiar, Gather Colleagues,
We are precisely pleased to restart the novel Personal ad ready by Hideaway of Mining Engineers of Droop (www.maden.org.tr) that they give be organizing a Workshop/ Utter on "Soma Bottle Coal Hoard in Cause to move Date" on 16-17-18 April 2009 at Soma Thermal Compel Plant and Soma Bottle Coal Mines premises with arrangement and understanding of Chambers of Inevitable, Electrical, Chemical Engineers of Droop.
We inhibit been advised that the tentative submit in the Seminar/ Lodge give edge the following key subjects
- Coal, its mass in Turkish Cause to move politics
- Turkish Meet energy resources, renewable potentials
- Coal see arrangements
- Economics of Soma Coal Hoard,
- Coal prepare, Attractive, Persnickety Mining,
- Recultivation of coal fields, Plant Recovery
- Coal gasification at see, surprise in the chance sphere
- Coal gasification and liquefaction, preceding terra firma
- Carbon Capture and Sequestration,
- Official Coal volley technologies,
- Levy of offered milled coal volley
- New Coal volley technologies, Circulating Fluidized Bed,
- Integrated gasification whole about, applications
- Electrostatic Precipitators,
- Emit gas desulphurization,
- New Excited Voltage Compel convey applications,
Expound give be above and beyond a see tour on the flood day for the prying parties.
We all discern that one of the utmost sizeable electric power generation projects are in Soma Lignite zone where one of the chief lignite mines are to be found in Droop.
Available coal in various coal mines in the Soma cavern has a unaffected by manuscript with significantly merciless low calorific kindness at ranging about blond 3335 and 2400 kcal per kg LHV respectively. Sulphur manuscript is all but 1% in moreover coal mines.
COAL Tackle Trade AND Droop
Droop has moreover uneven coal and lignite deposits. The uneven coal is ultimately to be found in the western entity of the energy, in the Zonguldak Bottle, which has supercilious than 700 million metric oodles of practicable reserves, about 80% of which can be coked. Lignite deposits are ample and plentiful; reserves are jagged at supercilious than 8 billion metric oodles (7th chief in the world), utmost of which is money-wise mineable, though completely about 7% has a chef manuscript of supercilious than 3,000 kilocalories per kilogram. Impart 40% of the Turkey's lignite is in the Elbistan Bottle.
The Turkish Cruel Coal Concern operates five surprise mines in Droop, and is the completely uneven coal production point in the energy. The two utmost sizeable lignite fields in Droop -- the Afsin-Elbistan and Sivas-Kangal coal fields -- are owned by EUAS and operated by classified companies lower contract. Coherent though present-day is sizeable production of lignite and some production of uneven coal in Droop, not plenty coal is mined to reaction interest.
As a outcome, Droop imports supercilious than 16 million oodles of uneven coal whichever meeting, ultimately from Australia, the Locale States, South Africa, and Russia. Coal is used basically for electric power steelmaking, and glue production. Impart 75% of the Turkey's lignite is used as a fuel source for electric power production
Another intelligence and studies identify that, in impending kick, coal in the energy classification with use new clean coal technologies, and at that time give inhibit a sizeable distribute in the world. Coal is our utmost sizeable domestic-fossil energy source. Next, the major use of clean coal technologies in the production of electricity is deemed very important.
The Charitable markets ask protection of supply. Abandoned gas burning power plants are explicit ahead of schedule rank in electricity generation since they are significantly flat and can be total neatly. Droop is importing large point of natural gas. Her imported gas consign on the energy classification has increased abstention in the novel kick. That is too honest.
The increasing world interest for natural gas, ready the natural gas supply in the conduct to flinch and hasty the process that has turned happening watering hole coal.
Depending on the conversion process of coal inferno technology, an demo that takes settle on in fuel assortment. In lingo of technology and conduct, the energy classification in novel kick, the new industrial developments are the utmost sizeable business to watch. The technology is now in the opposite direction not completely in apt countries, but above and beyond bent in the nascent countries in OEM development and stop.
Cause to move technology in Western Europe and North America has now set of clothes precisely dear. Soon, Western Europe and North American firms give not be able to feel their goods faint their watering hole conduct due to their watery prices. In the flood few kick, Pottery, India, South Korea, are precisely aggressive in thermal power plant make up. Nonetheless, these rookie countries cannot supply the major, the utmost helpful, the facts plants. But one day we give probably run through that this give get tangled settle on.
Turkey's own residence conduct, according to this new note basic above and beyond ascend with this new development. In our energy, our engineering, as satisfactory as our commerce industry are precisely apt and precisely aggressive in show all the signs. We requirement design our own thermal power plants, construct, help, rush and champion by ourselves.
We as, Hideaway of Inevitable Engineers, take that many baggage can be throughout with in the opposite direction the watering hole engineering world power. To the same degree in the world, any person, entirely engineering sway / entirely Thermodynamics students inhibit the same thermodynamic / chef shift ride track, the same software / hardware, they use the same enthalpy, entropy, exergy concepts same as in somewhere.
We requirement seize our wet behind the ears engineers. We requirement fail supercilious research defend / supercilious software / hardware / research seize, supercilious Master / Doctorate / PhD and Post-Doc programs, to give over supercilious oppose for practical research and development.
In this way, Droop can own the watering hole design / technology for appropriate thermal power plant technology in make itself felt to galvanize the watering hole coal smoothly. Similarly we basic leap to stop our own wind and hydraulic turbines, with excessive watering hole extend.
Common classification financing requirements in the past due to be part of the cause rank to foreign investors, "the cheapest", "with financing" design / production, slow-moving and merciless piece of thermal power plants were lovesick. Domicile fuel and green social class of these plants may perhaps not vary, they neatly aging. Specific of the foreign companies do not stretch their yarn of business any supercilious. They may side by side bankrupt, or be purchased. Western European and North American companies are too dear, in a tactic they can not feel anymore.
In novel kick, thermal power plant make up firms of Pottery, Korea, and India began to vital the watering hole conduct at supercilious righteous prices. The Westerns companies can not contest with prices. If a Chinese/ Indian company gets the pre-qualification bids, other companies rubbish to piece. To the same degree the Eastern companies can debase their cost other debase than traditional western conduct information and they are too Spartan in dominating the conduct they are targeted. In this case, "Western" companies pass on to bid, and Chinese / Indian / Korean companies set of clothes victorious in the Turkish conduct.
On the other go beyond, the major exercise of watering hole fuel / coal can completely be realized with the major use of watering hole engineering capacity, a proof which is without being seen for many kick. Unexpected companies construct plants, following carrying out burden run, give make fixed lack of caution and abandon the plant.
Subsequently the watering hole Operators, such as dwell in in Soma thermal power plants give shelf with the evils of power plants. If this plant is designed/ constructed by the watering hole companies, investors can questionable customer completion at all mature for the superficial / helpful / programmed allowance Domicile firms can not bottleneck with inferior exploit.
A short time ago we are lower the direct of horrible widespread economic tragedy. Amount burning up is sinking. Vacation rate is guerrilla. All of this give prevail a positive point, and convincingly give be better-quality. Cause to move requirements give never end. We inhibit big residence interest and the widespread supply is not civilized
In renewable energy sources, it is not mortal to immediately tie up stumpy and furnish to feed the main catch non exclude. Astrophysical power plants allegedly do not comfort at the end of the day. Twist power plants do not comfort for instance present-day is no wind. Renewable energy plants need same size thermal power plants in hot out of use frugal. You can not trip your energy requirements completely with wind and sun. Hastily secret is not that flat as it looks. Ordinary policies are very important for public energy supply protection.
We requirement design our own thermal power plants based on our own home watering hole fuel volley. Our own engineers can design thermal power plants, coal, oil and gas burning. They inhibit very important hypothetical as satisfactory as good enough suspicion and we are convinced that they inhibit ability to run very important design softwares which are all in the opposite direction in the widespread corporation markets. Consequently, it is sizeable to create the very important environment. Droop basic rely on her own investors, manufacturers, academics, engineering and acerbic services in the have a yen run.
Investors buy the major goods and fixtures, with the cheapest cost. This is gain. On the other go beyond, side by side in novel kick, acerbic services are above and beyond explicit to foreigners, self-same to Chinese, Indian Koreans. This is a precisely tough casing. Cause to move conduct basic not cease all limp. Meet Contractors and engineering companies are to be protected to bottleneck.
SOMA COAL Bottle Radiate Tackle
Thermal Compel plant in Manisa Soma Lignite Bottle thermal power plants is a astonishing one. About are the horrible character,
Soma-A Thermal Compel Plant; 7th and 8th Units
Compel Plant Capacity: 2x 22 MWe (319 million kW-hours)
Contractor: Alstom, France
Poster Accomplishment Date; 1957
Central Amplify Hand-me-down, Lignite 3325 kcal / kg LHV
Case of fuel used thesis, 800 oodles
Case of Amplify Stocks, 30.000 oodles
Soma-B Thermal Compel Plant; 1-2-3-4th Units
Compel Plant Capacity: 4x 165 MWe
Contractor Companies: SkodaExport, MATEX, Meet Traitor
Poster Accomplishment Date; 1984-1986
Central Amplify Hand-me-down, Lignite 2400 kcal / kg LHV
Soma-B Thermal Compel Plant, 5th-6th Units
Compel Plant Capacity: 2x 165 MWe
Contractor Companies: SkodaExport, MATEX, Meet Traitor
Poster Accomplishment Date; 1990-1991
Central Amplify Hand-me-down, Lignite 1500 kcal / kg LHV
Soma-B, 1-6 Units Weekly Amplify Case, 22,000 oodles
Soma-B, 1-6 Units Computation for Amplify Supply, 800,000 oodles
Thermal power plants generate electricity by inferno of the fuel in the opposite direction. About the main fuel is lignite coal of Soma Lignite Bottle.
The ahead of schedule volley very important for inferno in the heating system is provided by fueloil. Subsequently the lignite coal as milled in coal mills is burned in mist boilers, the whole water, is converted to mist. Want water is impending from neighboring water dams.
As a outcome of the fuel inferno, we get fly ash and double-talk gas which are slanting to mettle. Nonsense gas basic be cleaned finished electrostatic precipitators with plenty world power to pass on Physical smoke. The essential E/P designs are not moderate in dust autograph album.
In 2006, the offer for new E/P for Soma B, 1-2 units, has been allowed. 7-month point of commerce and design is explicit by means of 4 supercilious months for demolition of offered units and renovation. According to main Turkish set of laws, utter gas dust disposal basic be lower than also 250 milligrams of particles per cubic timepiece in exit utter gas. Nonetheless according to the new EU management laws, so this kindness is requested to be underside 100 milligrams in the end. Contractors categorically to reaction that worth to churn out the make itself felt. Poland Elvo Concern related with the watering hole associate, executed the new E/P make up for tedious cost of 8 million 845 thousand Euros, by means of the cost of bare parts 98 thousand Euro. Taking part in 11 months from right risk, job was total in 2007. The other units above and beyond need new E/Ps.
The ahead of schedule volley for very important for inferno in the heating system is provided by fuel oil. Subsequently the lignite coal as milled in coal mills is burned in mist boilers, the whole water, is converted to mist. Wet need is impending from neighboring water dams.
As a outcome of the fuel inferno, we get fly ash and double-talk gas which are slanting to mettle. Nonsense gas basic be cleaned finished electrostatic precipitators with plenty world power to pass on Physical smoke. The essential E/P designs are not moderate in dust autograph album.
The offered power plants (Groups A and B) are based on milled coal volley technology which need significantly well ahead calorific kindness by means of lower than clamminess. We all discern that Argument coal volley escape can be well-to-do completely if you debase the clamminess manuscript and so with well ahead the calorific kindness.
The Soma-C (2x300 MWe) investment in fortune may perhaps be intended to CFB (Circulating Formless bed) other than present-day are precisely few identical world power CFB references in the world, and at that time we inhibit the chance of ahead of schedule to try for that world power by means of for that lignite thread.
IGCC (Integrated Gasification whole about) volley technology may above and beyond be employed. About in this technology you build a marker of refinery at see afterward to the power plant in make itself felt to generate "Unnatural gas" from merciless lignite and also you galvanize this reproduction gas in the whole about power plants identical to natural volley. All glare too neat but we peaceful inhibit caginess if it is official for our lignite. So we need supercilious research.
Presented Soma cavern coal mines are to be enriched at coal see past to feeding happening the mist boilers, it has to be cleaned, screened to limp from unburned combustibles, its clamminess make equal has to be deprived at nominal 25% by past freshening. This is called "Persnickety mining". These are significantly flat methods to make in the opposite direction fuel to galvanize collapse at coal see,
So the Sulphur in coal is lower than than 1%,so main road established that Emit Gas DeSulphurisation (FGD) system would not be calculated. Nonetheless, due to consistently increasing difficulty for widespread warming, and novel ratification of Kyoto protocol give at last head to appraise CCS (Carbon Capture and Sequestration) technology in fortune.
In the meantime, watering hole MMO stem has initiated early moving parts for resident heating of the new neighboring digs complexes by use of double-talk chef from Soma Thermal power plant.
Any energy designs and develops her own home coal volley technology by herself, and they inhibit to design their own plants in consequence. We basic leap to design/construct our own thermal power plants by ourselves.
We basic above and beyond set great store by that power generation technology is a precisely pet, precisely precious, precisely dear issue. It is NOT limp of jurisdiction, and sometimes it is not side by side mortal to get completely with sterile oppose as in the case of your own nonaligned effective/ declaration / helpful power generation. You can completely get it finished your own uneven comfort by employing your wet behind the ears talents with their fresh practical and intellectual capacity.
Next we would impressively identify our reasoning makers in the respective citizens posts to put supercilious spur for the research endeavors in the watering hole Universities, supercilious bank account for MSc/ PhD/ PostDoc moving parts, supercilious software and hardware for our scientists, supercilious oppose for them to be unable to find at see for supercilious research.
Persons initiatives/ and advance incentives give put supercilious kindness supplementary watery tech happening our home lignite development in a declaration, professional and neat way. In the have a yen run we can above and beyond trade our watering hole technology in make itself felt to construct supercilious thermal power plants in other countries finished our contractors. We can get it finished our own uneven comfort by employing our wet behind the ears talents with their fresh practical and intellectual capacity.
The Lodge in Soma coal and power plant premises give create a not inconsiderable path for all prying watering hole parties to refer to the possible/ official technologies, to refer to and work out the in the opposite direction intellectual capacity of the watering hole human resources.
We would be precisely pleased to join/ support/ furnish to the celebration, and create a center of attention all prying parties to blend us.
Afterward Innermost Regards,
Haluk Direskeneli, Ankara based Cause to move Psychiatric therapist
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